Initial commit

master
Oystein Kristoffer Tveit 2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
commit 94a7c34aa8
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.nix/default.nix Normal file
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{ pkgs ? import <nixpkgs> {} }:
{
reveal-md = pkgs.callPackage ./reveal-md { pkgs = pkgs; };
}

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{ pkgs ? import <nixpkgs> {} }:
pkgs.mkYarnPackage rec {
name = "reveal-md";
src = pkgs.fetchFromGitHub {
owner = "webpro";
repo = "reveal-md";
rev = "5.2.0";
sha256 = "QaDTVBaEK3WvhHK0gkZLaDGLk8o5V9X8RbiGtRVVgQE=";
};
packageJSON = "${src}/package.json";
yarnLock = ./yarn.lock;
yarnNix = ./yarn.nix;
}

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.nix/reveal-md/yarn.nix Normal file

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main.md Normal file
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="./static/main.css"/>
<!-- .slide: data-background-color="#283681" -->
# ITGK Teori-kurs
<img src="./static/graphics/PVV-logo-blue.svg" width=40%/>
Note: Introduksjon
---
## <span class="red">**OBS:** Opptak</span>
Note:
PVV sin youtube-kanal
selv-introduksjon
Angående forelesningen
---
## Generelt
Hva er IT
Kort Historie
---
Folk som er viktige
Von Neumann
---
<!-- .slide: data-auto-animate -->
### Begreper:
<div class="columns">
<div class="column">
- Transistorer
- IC
- PC
- Hardware
- Software
</div>
<div class="column">
- Operativsystem
- Kernel
- WWW/Internet
- High level/Low level
- Abstraksjon
- bit <!-- .element: data-id="2" -->
</div>
</div>
Note:
Operativsystem -> Ressursallokering -> Kernel -> Grafisk brukergrensesnitt
----
<!-- .slide: data-auto-animate -->
- bit <!-- .element: data-id="2" -->
<div class="columns">
<div class="column">
| Enhet | Størrelse |
|------------|-------------------|
| byte | 8 bits |
| kilobyte | \\(1000\\) bytes |
| megabyte | \\(10^6\\) bytes |
| gigabyte | \\(10^9\\) bytes |
| terabyte | \\(10^{12}\\) |
| petabyte | \\(10^{15}\\) |
| exabye | \\(10^{18}\\) |
</div>
<div class="column"> <!-- .element: class="fragment" data-fragment-index="1" -->
| Enhet | Størrelse |
|------------|-------------------|
| byte | 8 bits |
| kilobyte | \\(1000\\) bytes |
| megabyte | \\(10^6\\) bytes |
| gigabyte | \\(10^9\\) bytes |
| terabyte | \\(10^{12}\\) |
| petabyte | \\(10^{15}\\) |
| exabye | \\(10^{18}\\) |
</div>
</div>
---
### Datatyper
- Integer
- Character
- Float
- Array
- String
Note:
char -> ASCII 7b, Extended ASCII 8b, UTF-8
Finnes flere, men disse
Objekter
---
Tallsystemer
Forventet å kunne octal, binær, heksadesimal
går tom for siffer
delbarhet
hexadesimal i 4 binær chunks om gangen
octal i 3 binær chunks om gangen
revers
Note:
lurt å trene på
brukt ca. 20 min
---
*Slide med konversjon fra binær til octal og heksadesimal*
---
Negative tall
Signed magnitude
bruker første biten
0000 = 1000
kaster bort en plass
Løsning: Twos complement:
0001 = 1
0000 = 0
1111 = -1
1000 = MIN_INT
Algoritme:
- finn ut hva minste negative tall er
- ta resten av bitsene, og konverter til desimal
- regn ut offsett
---
Flyttall
Matematisk tilnærming
Signed bit, exponent - 2^?, signifikant?
består av 3 biter, kan gi rare utregninger iblant
---
# Hardware
# Datamaskin
Består av mange forskjellige biter.
datamaskin er bare et begrep vi bruker.
Kan gå galt på veldig mange lag i prosessen.
Moores law, antall transistorer i en IC dobles hver 2. år.
---
## Hovedkort (Motherboard)
Limet som fester alle de andre bitene sammen.
Inneholder litt logikk for konfigurasjon av alle bitene, men lite ellers.
<img src="./static/graphics/motherboard2.png" width="50%"/>
https://toppng.com/show_download/226517/motherboard-png-photos-intel-server-board-s7200a/large
---
## CPU
Viktigste biten. Gjør alle beregningene.
Består av 3 biter, kontrollenhet, minneenhet, ALU
Kjører raskt, gHz
Har et visst sett med ting den kan gjøre, kalt et instruksjonssett.
Setter du disse på rad, så har du et program.
---
# Fetch Decode Execute Cycle (De 5 stegene)
*5 steg* hver gang den skal kjøre en instruksjon
PC - program counter
Branching - hopp til andre steder/loop
Kjører en instruksjon for hver klokkesykel, men gjør flere steg samtidig. Verdt å merke seg.
---
## Minne
Primær, sekundær-minne
Primær - RAM
tilfeldig access - kan nå hvor som helst øyeblikkelig
volatilt - uten strøm så forsvinner dataen.
Sekundær - Harddisk
Tregt - cd som spinner
Sekvensiell aksess - Må lete for å lese på riktig sted.
ikke volatilt - holder på data uten strøm
SSD - Nesten random access, ligner på ram, men er ikke volatil
CD, DVD, Ekstern harddisk, USB, osv.
> https://www.pngall.com/ram-png/download/48267
> https://pixabay.com/vectors/hdd-hard-disk-drive-disk-hard-disk-154463/
> https://pixabay.com/vectors/dvd-cd-rom-compact-disc-cd-digital-152917/
> https://pixabay.com/vectors/usb-disk-disc-storage-technology-47552/
---
# Digital Representasjon
Analog vs Digital
Analog kan du måle bortimot så nøyaktig du vil
Digital har et visst sett med 0 og 1
(bilde av lydbølge)
ADC - inn på computeren
DAC - ut fra computeren
Note: Skal gå inn på diverse måter å representere ting digitalt på
---
# Piksler
Piksler er en måte å representere bilder
En piksel er en liten bit av bildet, med en farge.
Ofte tilsvarer 1 piksel 1 LED på skjermen
Den fargen er representert som en sammensetning av 3 farger
Pleier ofte å være RGB
----
## RGB
Hver verdi er mellom 0 og 255
Kan derfor representeres som et hexadecimal med 6 tegn
<style>
.rgb-pvv {color: #283681;}
.rgb-red {color: #FF0000;}
.rgb-cof {color: #C0FFEE;}
.rgb-whi {color: #FFFFFF;}
.rgb-bla {color: #000000;}
</style>
<div class="replacable-fragment">
<div style="font-size: 0.8em;">
| Farge | Rød | Grønn | Blå |
|--------------------------------------|---------------|---------------|---------------|
| <span class="rgb-pvv">#283681</span> | 28\\(_{16}\\) | 36\\(_{16}\\) | 81\\(_{16}\\) |
| <span class="rgb-red">#FF0000</span> | FF\\(_{16}\\) | 00\\(_{16}\\) | 00\\(_{16}\\) |
| <span class="rgb-cof">#C0FFEE</span> | C0\\(_{16}\\) | FF\\(_{16}\\) | EE\\(_{16}\\) |
| <span class="rgb-whi">#FFFFFF</span> | FF\\(_{16}\\) | FF\\(_{16}\\) | FF\\(_{16}\\) |
| <span class="rgb-bla">#000000</span> | 00\\(_{16}\\) | 00\\(_{16}\\) | 00\\(_{16}\\) |
</div> <!-- .element: class="fragment fade-out" data-fragment-index="1" -->
<div style="font-size: 0.8em;">
| Farge | Rød | Grønn | Blå |
|--------------------------------------|----------------|----------------|----------------|
| <span class="rgb-pvv">#283681</span> | \\(40_{10}\\) | \\(54_{10}\\) | \\(129_{10}\\) |
| <span class="rgb-red">#FF0000</span> | \\(255_{10}\\) | \\(0_{10}\\) | \\(0_{10}\\) |
| <span class="rgb-cof">#C0FFEE</span> | \\(192_{10}\\) | \\(255_{10}\\) | \\(238_{10}\\) |
| <span class="rgb-whi">#FFFFFF</span> | \\(255_{10}\\) | \\(255_{10}\\) | \\(255_{10}\\) |
| <span class="rgb-bla">#000000</span> | \\(0 _{10}\\) | \\(0_{10}\\) | \\(0_{10}\\) |
</div> <!-- .element: class="fragment fade-in" data-fragment-index="1" -->
</div>
Note:
Regn ut 1920x1080 x 24 bits
---
# PAUSE
---
# Algoritmer
# Nettverk
# Programvareutvikling

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reveal-md.json Normal file
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{
"highlightTheme": "monokai-sublime",
"theme": "black"
}

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reveal.json Normal file
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{
"theme": "black",
"transition": "slide",
"controls": true,
"progress": true,
"keyboard": {"81": "toggleOverview"}
}

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shell.nix Normal file
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{ pkgs ? import <nixpkgs> {} }:
with pkgs;
mkShell {
buildInputs = [
(callPackage ./.nix { pkgs = pkgs; }).reveal-md
];
}

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